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The cost of communication
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Science Direct, Netherlands: The cost of vocal behaviour is usually expressed in energetic terms; however, many animals may pay additional costs when predators or potential prey eavesdrop on their vocal communication.
This study is on two distinct ecotypes of killer whales, Orcinus orca, called residents and transients. Resident killer whales feed on fish, a prey with poor hearing abilities, whereas transient killer whales hunt marine mammals, which have sensitive underwater hearing within the frequency range of killer whale vocal communication. The ersearchers investigated how the superior hearing ability of mammalian prey has shaped the vocal behaviour of the transient killer whale ecotype.
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